FII / DII
Large foreign (FII) and domestic (DII) institutions that buy or sell Indian stocks.
Why it matters: Their net flows can move short-term market mood.
Example: FII selling with DII buying can keep the index range-bound.
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Simple meanings, why they matter, and examples for common market terms.
Large foreign (FII) and domestic (DII) institutions that buy or sell Indian stocks.
Why it matters: Their net flows can move short-term market mood.
Example: FII selling with DII buying can keep the index range-bound.
Promoter ne loan ke liye apne shares security ke roop mein rakhe hain.
Why it matters: If pledge rises too much, it can become a governance and leverage risk.
Example: Pledge falling from 12% to 4% is usually read as a positive signal.
Price-to-Earnings — the price you pay for ₹1 of a company's annual profit.
Why it matters: A high PE can mean high growth expectations or an expensive stock.
Example: A stock above its own 5-year average PE looks relatively expensive.
Operating profit (before interest, tax, depreciation) as a percent of sales.
Why it matters: It shows core operating profitability, before financing and accounting effects.
Example: Sales rising but EBITDA margin falling can signal cost pressure.
A company buying back its own shares from the market.
Why it matters: It returns cash to shareholders and can lift per-share value.
Example: A buyback is capital return, not a guarantee of earnings growth.
Extra free shares given to existing shareholders.
Why it matters: Share count rises and the price adjusts down proportionally — value is unchanged.
Example: A 1:1 bonus doubles shares and roughly halves the quoted price.
Shares taken into demat delivery instead of squared off intraday.
Why it matters: High delivery can show stronger holding interest, not just trading churn.
Example: A price rise with high delivery is more notable than a rise on low delivery.
The company's external auditor steps down before the term ends.
Why it matters: It can hint at governance or accounting concerns — usually a red flag.
Example: Historically, such flags have often been followed by weak price action.
A label (cheap / fair / expensive) based on ratios and context — not a recommendation.
Why it matters: Expensive or cheap only makes sense with business quality and risk in view.
Example: Fair valuation means neither clearly stretched nor clearly cheap.